Exploring NMR Biomarkers for Parkinson's Disease Risk Stratification Based on Polygenic Risk Score Levels in Healthy Subjects and de novo Parkinson's Disease Patients

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder marked by motor and non-motor symptoms. Its diagnosis is complex, especially in the early stages, and involves neurological examination and response to dopaminergic treatment. Recent studies have focused on biomarkers and polygenic risk scores (PRS) for early detection and targeted interventions. Changes in D-amino acid profiles, indicating neurotransmitter imbalance and impaired energy metabolism, have been observed in patients with PD. This study aims to explore the relationship between PRS and D-amino acid profiles to improve early PD diagnosis and identify high-risk individuals for targeted interventions. Challenges include data integration, patient population diversity, ethical considerations, and technical limitations. This study will involve healthy individuals from the Estonian Biobank and de novo PD patients, with the aim of improving early PD diagnosis for personalized treatment strategies.