New climate change-driven threats to humans in urbanized Tallinn

Tallinn faces several significant climate-related risks, including the emergence of urban heat islands, coastal flooding driven by rising sea levels, increased storm activity and coastal erosion, as well as precipitation-induced flooding. The urban heat island effect is a growing concern, affecting both the environment and public health, particularly among vulnerable groups like children and the elderly. This issue is compounded by demographic trends, such as an aging population, which introduce additional challenges. Heat-absorbing surfaces, like asphalt, play a key role in this phenomenon, with their thermal impact influenced by material properties and color. Rising sea levels and more frequent storms pose additional risks, particularly the intrusion of saline seawater into urban infrastructure near the coast. The extent of this encroachment and its implications for city planning remain insufficiently studied, highlighting the need for further research. A research initiative aims to address these challenges by providing a comprehensive overview of climate risks in Tallinn. The goal is to deepen understanding of these impacts and offer solutions for their mitigation. Key outcomes include the development of updated datasets to inform sustainable urban planning and environmental policies, alongside practical recommendations for addressing urban heat islands and mitigating saline water intrusion. Findings will also be shared with the public through media and publications to raise awareness. An essential aspect of the project is fostering new forms of collaboration with municipalities and government entities, such as Tallinn city administration and Teede Tehnokeskuse AS, as well as with the private sector, including Superhands OÜ, and research organizations like the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI). For Tallinn University, this work strengthens partnerships and enhances its societal impact. The university’s involvement in urban heat island studies, both on its own campus and in comparison with other areas, also offers valuable insights. Moreover, the project actively involves students, enriching their academic experience and contributing to practical problem-solving efforts.